We can Differentiate AIX and Solaris in following Manner:
| Tasks | SOLARIS | AIX 5 L |
| Set bootlist and hardware | “Boot” command at OK prompt E.g. boot disk0 | System maintenance service menu (SMS) |
| Automated live patch upgrade | Patch Manager | Service Update Management Assistant |
| Install preserving user data | Live Upgrade | Preservation installation |
| Install operating system (OS) on another disk | Live Upgrade | alt_disk_install ( Reduces the downtime in production environment ) |
| Network installation | Jumpstart™ _ Flash Install | Network Install Manager |
| Create installation server | setup_install_server install_dir_path | nimconfig |
| Create a boot server for network install | setup_install_server -b | smitty nim_config_env |
| Set up a client for network installation | add_install_client | smitty nim_mkmac |
| Display current OS level | Uname -a | Oslevel -r |
| Display installed packages | pkginfo | pkginfo |
| Display installed patches | showrev -p | instfix -ia |
| Backup | As Solaris is having Universal file system backup has been taken by: Ufsdump command | There are two ways we can take backup Mksysb backup by which we can take os image backup. After taking image backup on the tape or any device(tape/cd) we can use this tape as bootable device in critical situation Savevg backup by which we can take normal vg backup |
| Disk identification | Echo | format E.g. format Searching for disks...done AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS: 0. c1t0d0 <SUN72G cyl 14087 alt 2 hd 24 sec 424> | Lsdev –Cc disk E.g. lsdev -Cc disk hdisk0 Available 10-60-00-8,0 16 Bit SCSI Disk Drive hdisk1 Available 10-60-00-9,0 16 Bit SCSI Disk Drive hdisk2 Available 10-70-00-0,0 SCSI Disk Array RAID 5 hdisk3 Available 10-70-00-1,0 SCSI Disk Array RAID 0 hdisk4 Available 10-70-00-2,0 SCSI Disk Array RAID 0 hdisk5 Available 10-70-00-3,0 SCSI Disk Array RAID 0 |
| Vendor information | Format /inquire | Lscfg –vl hdisk |
| Disk analysis | format / analyse | diag |
| Create a volume group | N/A | Mkvg |
| Create a logical volume | metainit volumename raidtype devices... | Mklv |
| Enable the volume or volume group | N/A | Varyonvg |
| Disable the volume or volume group | N/A | Varyoffvg |
| Export a volume group | N/A | Exportvg |
| Delete the volume or volume group | metaclear | rmlv |
| Extend a volume or logical volume | metadetach Volname devicename | extendlv |
| Extend a file system after volume has been grown | Growfs | Chfs |
| Reduce a volume or logical volume | metadetach Volname devicename | Chfs |
| Add a device to the volume or volume group | metattach or metaini t | extendvg |
| Delete a device from the volume or volume group | metadetach | reducevg |
| Install package | pkgadd | installp -a |
| Display installed package | pkginfo or _ pkgparam | lslpp -al |
| Remove software package | pkgrm | installp -u |
| Upgrade or install package | pkgadd | install_all_updates |
| Verify correct installation | pkgchk | lppchk -v |
| List the contents of an installed package | Look in /var/sadm/install/contents | lslpp -f fileset |
| Check which file belongs to which package | /usr/sbin/pkgchk -lp somefile | lslpp -w /pathname/filename |
| Check package information | pkginfo -l | lslpp -al | grep fileset |
Device Management Difference:
| SOLARIS | AIX 5L | Description |
| /dev | /dev | Contains logical device files |
| /devices | Stored in the Object Data Manager (ODM) custom device class | Contains physical device files |
| devfsadm | cfgmgr rmdev mkdev | Commands that create and manage the device files |
Solaris logical disk devices
Solaris administrators refer to disk devices by selecting the subdirectory that it is
linked to (either /dev/rdsk or /dev/dsk), followed by a string of information that
indicates the specific controller, disk, and slice:
/dev/dsk/c[1]t[2]d[3]s[4]
In this:
_ 1 refers to the logical controller number
_ 2 refers to the physical bus target number
_ 3 refers to the disk number
_ 4 refers to the slice or partition number
AIX 5L disk devices
AIX 5L administrators refer to a disk device by its hdisk name.
/dev/hdisk[x]
In this, x is the number of the hard disk.
AIX 5L device naming does not include the controller, target, or disk number in
the disk device name. AIX 5L does not use a slice or partition number as Solaris
does. For more information about how AIX 5L manages the disks and the file
systems,
To determine the controller that an hdisk is on, use the lspath command.
lspath -H -l hdisk1
The system will display a message similar to the following:
status device parent
enabled hdisk1 scsi0
logical device access commands in Solaris and AIX 5L:
Solaris
|
AIX 5L
|
df /dev/dsk/c1t0d0s0
|
df /dev/hd1a
|
fsck /dev/rdsk/c1t3d0s4
|
fsck /dev/hd1
|
mount /dev/dsk/c1t1d0s0 /mnt/1
|
mount -v jfs2 -o log=/dev/loglv00
/dev/fslv00 /mnt
|
newfs /dev/rdsk/c0t0d1s1
|
mkfs /dev/lv01
|
prtvtoc /dev/dsk/c1t1d0s0
|
N/A because AIX 5L does not use disk
slices
|
Quick reference for device management
Task
|
Solaris
|
AIX
|
Run multiple tasks in a
graphical user interface
(GUI) environment
|
smc
|
_ smit
_ Web-based System
Manager
|
Configure a device
(dynamic reconfiguration)
|
_ cfgadm
_ devfsadm
|
cfgmgr
|
Add a device with the
command line
|
devfsadm
|
Mkdev
|
Remove an SCSI device
|
_ luxadm (for Sun
storage only)
_ devfsadm -C
|
Rmdev
|
Change attributes for a
device
|
No equivalent
|
Chdev
|
List devices
|
Ø _ prtconf
Ø _ sysdef
Ø _ dmesg
Ø _ prtdiag
Ø _ kstat
|
Prtconf
Lscfg
;lsdev
|
List the configuration
attributes for devices
|
No equivalent
|
lsattr -El
|
List vital product data
(serial number, model,
vendor, part number) of a
device
|
No equivalent
We can find it by using
Prtfru –v command
|
Lscfg –vl device name
e.g. lscfg –vl rmt0
|
Network commands and configuration files differences:
Task
|
Solaris
|
AIX 5L
|
Configure TCP/IP interface
|
Edit the following files:
Ø _ /etc/hostname*
Ø _ /etc/inet/*
Ø _ /etc/defaultrouter
Ø _ /etc/defaultdomain
_ /etc/nodename
_ /etc/netmasks
|
[smit,wsm] tcpip
|
Display interface status and
statistics
|
netstat -i
_ ifconfig
|
netstat -i
_ ifconfig
|
Display interface settings
|
ifconfig
|
ifconfig
|
Configure interface
|
ifconfig
|
ifconfig
|
Check various network statistics
|
netstat
|
netstat
|
Change name server or
domains
|
vi /etc/resolv.conf
|
namerslv
_ vi /etc/resolv.conf
_ smitty namerslv
|
Specify name services search
order
|
vi /etc/nsswitch.conf
|
vi /etc/netsvc.conf
|
Set up Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
|
dhcpconfig
Ø _ dhcpmgr
Ø _ dhcpinfo
Ø _ dhtadm
Ø _ pntadm
|
Ø _ dhcpsconf
Ø _ dhcpaction
Ø _ dhcprd
Ø _ bootptodhcp
Ø _ dadmin
|
Check routing table
|
netstat -r
_ route
|
netstat -r
_ route
_ smitty route
|
Modify routing table
|
route
|
smitty route
_ route
|
Test for connectivity
|
ping
|
ping
|
Check IP path
|
traceroute
|
traceroute
|
Capture network packets
|
snoop
|
tcpdump
_ iptrace/ipreport
|
Booting and Shutdown
Tasks
|
Solaris
|
AIX 5L
|
Boot process
|
Phases:
_ Boot PROM: Display system
information, run POST, load
bootblk, locate ufsboot
_ Boot programs: bootblk loads
and executes the ufsboot
_ Kernel initialization: ufsboot
loads and executes the core
kernel, initializes core kernel
data structures, loads other
kernel modules based on the
/etc/system file, starts /sbin/init
program
_ init: Starts other processes
based on the /etc/inittab file
|
Phases:
_ ROS: Check the system board, perform
POST, locate the boot image, load the
boot image into memory, begin system
initialization and execute phase 1 of
the/etc/rc.boot script
_ Base device configuration: Start
Configuration Manager to configure
base devices
_ System boot: Start init process phase 2,
switch to hard disk root file system, start
other processes defined by records in
the /etc/inittab file and execute phase 3
of the /etc/rc.boot script
|
Kernel modules
directory
|
directories:
_ /platform/sparc/kernel or
/platform/i86pc/kernel
_ /kernel
_ /usr/kernel
|
Kernel and kernel extension modules are
stored in two directories:
_ /usr/lib/boot
_ /usr/lib/drivers
|
System-run levels
|
Eight run levels:
_ 0: Power-down state
_ s or S: Single-user state
_ 1: Administrative state
_ 2: Multiuser state
_ 3: Multiuser state with NFS
resources shared (default run
level)
_ 4: Alternative multiuser (nit in
use)
_ 5: Power-down state
_ 6: Reboot to run level 3 state
|
Defined run levels:
_ 0-1: Reserved for future use
_ 2: Multiuser mode with NFS resources
shared (default run level)
_ 3-9: Defined according to user’s
Preferences
_ m, M, s, S: Single-user mode
(maintenance level)
_ a, b, c: Starts processes assigned to the
new run levels while leaving the existing
processes at the current level running
_ Q, q: init command to reexamine the
/etc/inittab file
|
Determine a
system’s run level
|
who -r
|
who -r
|
Change a
system’s run level
|
Choose one of the following:
Ø _ halt
Ø _ init
Ø _ poweroff
Ø _ reboot
Ø _ shutdown
Ø _ telinit
Ø _ uadmin
|
_ init or
_ telinit level number
|
Startup script
|
/sbin/rc run-level number
|
/etc/rc
|
Shutdown and
reboot
|
reboot or
_ shutdown -i 6
|
reboot (single-user mode) or
_ Shutdown -Fr
|
Shutdown
|
Ø _ init 5
Ø _ shutdown
Ø _ halt or
Ø _ poweroff (ok prompt only)
|
shutdown or
halt
|
Displaying system information
Task
|
Solaris
|
AIX 5L
|
System information
|
uname
|
uname
|
Processor information
|
prtdiag or
psrinfo
|
lsdev or
lsattr
|
Memory size
|
prtdiag or
prtconf
|
lsattr -El mem0
|
Mounted file system
information
|
df
|
df
|
Mounted file system
information
|
du
|
du
|
Host name information
|
host name or
uname -n
|
host name or
uname -n
|
Serial number
|
|
lsattr -El sys0 |grep system
|
List process
|
prstat
top
ps
|
nmon
topas
ps
|
Adapter location
|
prtdiag, cfgadm or
cat /etc/path_to_inst
|
lsdev
lscfg or
lsslot
|
Network IP
|
ifconfig
|
ifconfig
|
Network route
|
route
|
route
|
Network connection
feature
|
ndd or
kstat
|
netstat -v
|
User Administration:
Task
|
Solaris
|
AIX
|
Adding users
|
useradd
|
mkuser
|
Removing users
|
userdel
|
rmuser
|
Displaying currently
logged users
|
who or
|
who or
|
Displaying users and their
attributes
|
listusers
_ logins
|
lsuser
|
Password files
|
/etc/passwd and
_ /etc/shadow
|
/etc/passwd and
_ /etc/security/passwd
|
Administering user
password
|
passwd
|
passwd
chpasswd
or
pwdadm
|
Modifying user account
|
usermod
|
chuser
|
System-wide environment
file
|
/etc/profile
|
_ /etc/profile and
_ /etc/environment
|
Adding a group
|
groupadd
|
mkgroup
|
Group files
|
/etc/group
|
_ /etc/group
_ /etc/security/group
|
Modifying a group
|
groupmod
|
chgroup
|
Deleting a group
|
groupdel
|
rmgroup
|
Defining system resource
limits for user
|
ulimit
|
/etc/security/limits
or
_ ulimit
|
Managing syslog
Task
|
Solaris
|
AIX
|
Managing syslog
|
/usr/sbin/syslogd
|
/usr/sbin/syslogd
|
Configuration file for syslog
|
/etc/syslog.conf
|
/etc/syslog.conf
|
Refresh syslogd after a
change to the configuration
file
|
kill -HUP syslogd-pid
|
refresh -p syslogd-pid
|
Diagnostics messages for
bootup problems
|
/var/adm/messages (if
kern.debug messages are
being logged)
|
/var/adm/ras/bootlog
|
References:
